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Storage Industry Overview
4. Corporate storage architecture
Modes of storage system
The current modes used by normal enterprise in storage system can be divided into
three main categories: Off-Line storage, Near-Line storage and On-Line storage.
z Off-Line storage – magnetic tape is the main type, these include D AT, DLT
and LTO, etc., it is the traditional way enterprise used to backup super large
data; however, since it is lack of mobility and efficiency, it is only used for simply
backup or the third layer storage work of HSM (Hierarchical Storage
Management).
z Near-Line storage – It usually stores data not needed immediately, it is a
media with unit storage capacity not large yet convenient to access, for
example, CD-ROM, CD-R, MO, DVD, etc. Due to its small unit volume and
easy to access characteristics, it can be divided into market for personal PC
storage or for long term storage, for example the CDR machine/cabinet in the
database of a library or hospital.
z On-Line storage – From its name, we knows that data is stored in on-line way
with the CPU, DAS (Direct-Attached Storage equipment), NAS
(Network-Attached Storage equipment), SAN (Storage Area Network), etc. all
use disk (so-called hard disc) to do On-Line storage. Unless scheduled or
unscheduled machine turnoff, the guarantee of data for 7 days a week, 24
hours a day, and 365 days a year of access, or the so-called never-stop and
on-line backup mechanism has become the top mission and goal of the storage
system nowadays.
Storage linking structure —DAS and FAS (NAS, SAN)
Based on storage system equipment as the center, it is the connecting method
among itself, the server (Host) and the network structure, it can be divided into three
major storage environment applications such as: DAS (Direct-Attached Storage),
NAS (Network-Attached Storage) and SAN (Storage Area Network). As
“network-oriented storage” trend becomes clearer, Dataquest has included, in its
newest report, NAS and SAN into FAS (Fabric-Attached Storage). Strictly speaking,
SAN means a storage architecture concept, DAS and NAS are storage system
devices, under the whole storage architecture environment, NAS can lie underneath
SAN and be merged with SAN, they do not repel each other. In general larger
enterprise, IT personnel will choose from these three storage methods for an
integrated use according to different scale and need.
The earliest storage system lives inside a large host, it is an independent storage
device, it is connected directly to the server host. Since it follows server host, it is
thus named DAS (Direct-Attached Storage), it is the earliest On-Line storage system.
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