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Linux PCMCIA HOWTO
David Hinds, [email protected].
v2.118, 06 December 2003
Abstract
This document describes how to install and use PCMCIA Card Servicesfor Linux, and
answers some frequently asked questions. The latestversion of this document can always
be found athttp://pcmcia-cs.sourceforge.net.
Table of Contents
General information and hardware requirementsIntroductionCopyright notice and
disclaimerWhat is the latest version, and where can I get it?What systems are
supported?What cards are supported?When will my favorite (unsupported) card become
supported?Mailing lists and other information sourcesCompilation and
installationPrerequisites and kernel setupKernel PCMCIA supportInstallationStartup
optionsSystem resource settingsNotes about specific Linux distributionsResolving installation
and configuration problemsBase PCMCIA kernel modules do not loadSome client driver
modules do not loadISA interrupt scan failuresIO port scan failuresMemory probe
failuresFailure to detect card insertions and removalsInterrupt delivery problemsSystem
resource starvationResource conflict only with two cards insertedDevice configuration does
not completeUsage and featuresTools for configuring and monitoring PCMCIA
devicesOverview of the PCMCIA configuration scriptsPCMCIA network adaptersPCMCIA
serial and modem devicesPCMCIA parallel port devicesPCMCIA SCSI adaptersPCMCIA
memory cardsPCMCIA ATA/IDE card drivesMultifunction cardsAdvanced topicsResource
allocation for PCMCIA devicesPCI interrupt configuration problems and solutionsHow can I
have separate device setups for home and work?Booting from a PCMCIA deviceDealing with
unsupported cardsConfiguring unrecognized cards Adding support for an
NE2000-compatible ethernet cardPCMCIA floppy interface cardsDebugging tips and
programming informationSubmitting useful problem reportsInterpreting kernel trap
reportsLow level PCMCIA debugging aids/proc/bus/pccardWriting Card Services drivers for
new cardsGuidelines for PCMCIA client driver authorsGuidelines for Linux distribution
maintainers
General information and hardware requirements
Introduction
Card Services for Linux is a complete PCMCIA or``PC Card'' support package. It includes a
set of loadablekernel modules that implement a version of the Card Servicesapplications
program interface, a set of client drivers for specificcards, and a card manager daemon that
can respond to card insertionand removal events, loading and unloading drivers on demand.
Itsupports ``hot swapping'' of most card types, so cards can be safelyinserted and ejected at
any time.
http://www.linuxhowtos.org/PCMCIA/PCMCIA Howto.pdf
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Podsumowanie treści

Strona 1 - Linux PCMCIA HOWTO

Linux PCMCIA HOWTODavid Hinds, [email protected]. v2.118, 06 December 2003AbstractThis document describes how to install and use PCMCIA Ca

Strona 2 - What systems are supported?

*For the ActionTec PC 750 card reader, and for the Antec Datachute PCIcard reader, thei82365 driver requires a ``irq_list=0''para

Strona 3 - What cards are supported?

On the NEC Versa S, exclude irq 9, irq 12.*On the NEC Versa 6000 series, exclude port 0x2f8-0x33f, irq 9, irq 10.*On the NEC Versa SX, exclude port 0x

Strona 4 - Compilation and installation

Red Hat, Caldera, MandrakeThese distributions use a System V boot script organization. ThePCMCIA startup script isinstalled as/etc/rc.d/init.d/pcmcia

Strona 5 - Kernel PCMCIA support

SuSESuSE uses a System V init script arrangement, with init scripts storedunder /etc/init.d. ThePCMCIA startup script is installed as/etc/init.d/pcmc

Strona 6 - Installation

Symptoms:*Kernel version mismatch errors are reported when the PCMCIAstartup script runs.*After startup, lsmod does not show any PCMCIA modules.*cardm

Strona 7

Some of the driver modules require kernel services that may or may notbe present,depending on kernel configuration. For instance, the SCSIcard driver

Strona 8 - Startup options

After identifying the host controller type, the socket driver probesfor free ISA bus interrupts. The probe involves programming thecontroller for each

Strona 9

When cardmgr processes IO port ranges listed in/etc/pcmcia/config.opts, the kernel probesthese ranges todetect latent devices that occupy IO space but

Strona 10 - System resource settings

Failure to detect card insertions and removalsSymptoms:*Cards are detected and configured properly if present at boottime. *The drivers do not respond

Strona 11

*When a card is inserted, it is identified correctly but cannotbe configured (high/low beeppattern).*One of the following messages will appear in the

Strona 12

This software is a work in progress. It contains bugs, and should beused with caution. I'll domy best to fix problems that are reportedto me, b

Strona 13

Check the system log to see what resources are used by the non-workingcard. Excludethese in /etc/pcmcia/config.opts, and restartthe cardmgr daemon to

Strona 14

The cardmgr daemon configures cards based on a database of knowncard types kept in>cdx>/etc/pcmcia/config>/cdx>. This filedescribes the v

Strona 15 - ISA interrupt scan failures

The ``cardctl suspend'' and ``cardctl resume'' commands canbe used to shut down a cardwithout unloading its associated drivers.The

Strona 16 - IO port scan failures

This script will take several seconds to run, to give all clientdrivers time to shut downgracefully. If a device is currently inuse, the shutdown wil

Strona 17 - Memory probe failures

As a general rule, when configuring Linux for a laptop, PCMCIA devicesshould only beconfigured from the PCMCIA device scripts. Do not tryto configure

Strona 18 - System resource starvation

The following parameters can be defined in network.opts:IF_PORTSpecifies the ethernet transceiver type, for certain 16-bit cards thatdo not

Strona 19

To automatically mount and unmount NFS filesystems, first add allthese filesystems to/etc/fstab, but include noautoin the mount options. In network.o

Strona 20 - Usage and features

*The driver used by the IBM and 3Com token ring adaptersseems to behave very badly ifthe cards are not connected to a ringwhen they get initialized.

Strona 21

*Use real network cables. Don't even think about using that old phonecord you found inyour basement. And this means Category 5 cable for100base

Strona 22 - /etc/rc.d/rc.pcmcia stop

device "serial_cs" class "serial" module "misc/serial", "serial_cs"Serial device parametersThe following para

Strona 23

*Intel i82365sl B, C, and DF steps, 82092AA*O2Micro OZ6729, OZ6730, OZ6812, OZ6832, OZ6833, OZ6836, OZ6860,OZ6922,OZ6933, OZ6912*Omega Micro 82C365G,

Strona 24 - PCMCIA network adapters

*Is the modem configured successfully by serial_cs? Again, checkthe systemlog and look for messages from the serial_cs driver.

Strona 25

Parallel device parametersThe following parameters can be defined in parport.opts:LINKSpecifies a path for a symbolic link to be created to the printe

Strona 26 - # ifport eth0

A list of SCSI devices connected to this host adapter will be shown instab, and the SCSIconfiguration script,/etc/pcmcia/scsi, will be called once for

Strona 27

SCSI device parametersThe following parameters can be defined in scsi.opts:LINKSpecifies a path for a symbolic link to be created to this device.DO&am

Strona 28

Comments about specific cards*The Adaptec APA-1480 CardBus card needs a large IO port window (256contiguousports aligned on a 256-port boundary). It

Strona 29

PCMCIA memory cardsThe memory_cs driver handles all types of memory cards, as wellas providingdirect access to the PCMCIA memory address sp

Strona 30 - PCMCIA parallel port devices

Here is an example of a script that will automatically mount memorycards based on whichsocket they are inserted into:case "$ADDRESS" in*,0,0

Strona 31 - PCMCIA SCSI adapters

Configuration options for FTL partitions can be given inftl.opts, which is similar in structure tomemory.opts.The device address passed to ftl.opts co

Strona 32

Diagnosing problems with ATA/IDE adapters*An IO port conflict may cause the IDE driver to misdetect the drivegeometry and report``INVALID GEOMETRY: 0

Strona 33

Resource allocation for PCMCIA devicesIn theory, it should not really matter which interrupt is allocated towhich device, as long astwo devices are no

Strona 34

When will my favorite (unsupported) card become supported?Unfortunately, they usually don't pay me to write device drivers, soif you would like t

Strona 35 - PCMCIA memory cards

Multiple INT pins are often connected to the same PIRQ pin. Usually,the connections fromINT pins to PIRQ pins are arranged to spreadinstalled devices

Strona 36

If you are having problems that you think may be related to PCIinterrupt configuration, youshould first verify that you have areasonably current PCMCI

Strona 37 - PCMCIA ATA/IDE card drives

In general, it is the responsibility of the BIOS to program a bridgefor the appropriate interruptdelivery method. However, there aresystems that do t

Strona 38 - Advanced topics

No PCI interrupt assignment; no routing tableSymptoms:*The Intel PCIC probe reports ``no pci irq'' for each socket.*No interrupt routing tab

Strona 39

To find out the current scheme setting, run:cardctl schemeBy default, the scheme setting is persistent across boots. This canhave undesirable effects

Strona 40

This is an advanced configuration technique, and requires a high levelof familiarity with Linuxand the PCMCIA system. Be sure to read allthe relevant

Strona 41

Finally, invoke lilo with:lilo -r /mntWhen lilo is invoked with -r, it performs all actionsrelative to the specified alternate rootdirectory. The rea

Strona 42

lilo -C lilo.confNote that in this case, the lilo.conf file uses absolute pathsthat include /mnt. I did this in theexample because the targetfilesyst

Strona 43

After editing /etc/pcmcia/config, you can signal cardmgrto reload the file with:kill -HUP `cat /var/run/cardmgr.pid`If you do set up an entry for a ne

Strona 44 - Booting from a PCMCIA device

PCMCIA floppy interface cardsThe PCMCIA floppy interface used in the Compaq Aero and a few otherlaptops is not yetsupported by this package. The snag

Strona 45

Current ``stable'' kernel sources and patches are availablefromftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.4. Currentmodule utilities can be f

Strona 46

Interpreting kernel trap reportsIf your problem involves a kernel fault, the register dump from thefault is only useful if youcan translate the fault

Strona 47

So, the fault is located in tc574_attach().In this example, the fault did not cause a total system lockup, soksyms could be executedafter t

Strona 48

There are a few register-level debugging tools in thedebug_tools/ subdirectory ofthe PCMCIA distribution. Thedump_tcic and dump

Strona 49 - PCMCIA floppy interface cards

In many cases, the largest barrier to supporting a new card type isobtaining technicalinformation from the manufacturer. It may bedifficult to figure

Strona 50

With this arrangement, when the contributed driver is unpacked, itbecomes essentially part ofthe PCMCIA source tree. It can make useof the PCMCIA hea

Strona 51

To use the kernel PCMCIA drivers, configure the kernelwithCONFIG_HOTPLUG, CONFIG_PCMCIA, andusuallyCONFIG_CARDBUS ena

Strona 52 - /proc/bus/pccard

Build 'trusting' versions of card utilities?Some of the support utilities (cardctl and cardinfo) can becompiled either in ``safe''

Strona 53

Startup optionsThe PCMCIA startup script recognizes several groups of startupoptions, set via environmentvariables. Multiple options should beseparat

Strona 54

*The pcmcia_core module has the cis_speed parameterforchanging the memory speed used for accessing a card's Card Informatio

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